Politics makes marketing
The media loves politics—especially during election years, because that brings in a lot of advertising revenue. While that’s not currently the case here, it is in the United States, where presidential elections are coming up in November.
Until then, the neck-and-neck race between Obama and Romney will be widely reported on, but the actual means by which it is being fought will be overlooked. After all, an election campaign is ultimately also marketing and the latest and most sophisticated methods are used, as described by political journalist Sasha Issenberg in his book "The Victory Lab: The Secret Science of Winning Campaigns".
Just as one would hardly want to sell refrigerators to Eskimos, it does not make much sense for the Democrats and Republicans to invest heavily in their communication in states that they already have on the safe side based on experience and polls. The race for the White House will be decided in the states where the outcome is open because voters are still undecided. These non-voters and swing voters make up less than ten percent and the real race is about finding and convincing them. The keywords here are "microtargeting" and "data mining". The most diverse mountains of data are used, which improve in both camps with every election campaign. Statistical methods (regression analyses) are used to try to identify common characteristics of these target groups, whereby hundreds, sometimes thousands of data points (someone drinks gin and drives a Subaru) are compared with each other. This is by no means an exact science, but rather empirical trial and error. But if it works, it creates far more precise target groups than is possible with conventional characteristics (such as democratically oriented rural men of Latin American descent or white senior citizens without a high school education). In order to find out which messages resonate best with whom, they are first sent out randomly and the effect tested. And in the next contact with more addressees, an even more targeted approach can be taken. For example, mailings are sent out asking whether someone is going to vote and what they are thinking about before and after. The trick is that such questions increase the likelihood that someone will actually vote.
These methods remain hidden from political reporting, which is often fixated on appearances, but are becoming increasingly match-critical. They are based on the same principles as behavioral targeting in online advertising, for example. However, in their concrete form, they remain limited to the political arena, which is focused on individual votes, and are therefore not directly transferable to the business world.
Christoph J. Walther
(Teaser image: Cover excerpt of the book "The Victory Lab: The Secret Science of Winning Campaigns")


