The film tells the true love story of Ernst Ostertag and Röbi Rapp. The two men met almost 60 years ago in Zurich in the legendary homosexual organization "Der Kreis" and learned to fight for their rights there.
WW: The Swiss feature film "The Circle" premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival in February 2014, where it won the Teddy Award as well as the Grand Audience Award. The film is only now being released in Switzerland. Is there a deliberate strategy behind this delay?
Ivan Madeo: For films that have an artistic value and therefore also festival qualities, it is part of the concept for most producers to try and win festival awards before the theatrical release. One or more so-called "Laurels" on the poster help with cinema promotion. In our case, the strategy was special in that we had to wait three quarters of a year before releasing the finished film. That was a decision made by our Swiss distributor. Ascot-Elite had given our film a great festival chance and speculated on several prizes right from the start. This courage paid off. To date, "The Circle" has been invited to 72 festivals worldwide and has won several prizes on this world tour. But things could have turned out differently. But with two prizes at the start, including the Audience Award at the Berlinale, our project got the perfect boost.
Are you personally present at all these festivals?
Our film has been invited to an average of five festivals every month since the Berlinale, so it's impossible to be everywhere. Our director Stefan Haupt tries to attend the most important competitions. And if two important festivals are taking place at the same time, Urs Frey and I sometimes step in.
Turin and a few others are "gay festivals". How was the acceptance at "normal" competitions? The movie touches everyone.
Yes, fortunately for us. But we couldn't have known that from the start. The first big surprise was at the Berlinale. There, we not only won the "Gay Oscar" with the Teddy Award, but also the big audience award. 31,000 visitors to the festival were allowed to judge, and our film received the best marks of all the works. That's when we knew: Somehow "The Circle" has something that can work on a wider scale. Then came the Seattle International Film Festival, the Festroia Film Festival Setubal in Portugal and the Montreal World Film Festival, all well-known arthouse festivals, or the Chicago Film Festival, where the big international films are presented. That's when we realized that "Der Kreis" doesn't just work in the German-speaking world, but globally. We are now present on all continents and have been able to sell the film amazingly well. So far, we have been able to conclude contracts with 16 countries. From Asia to Europe, North and Central America, everything is included.
What do you have to imagine in financial terms? Do 16 sales already mean big business?
You can't say that yet. It's certainly a sign that it could become a business. It's rather unusual for a Swiss film to be sold in 16 countries - and in such a short space of time. We receive so-called minimum guarantees from the distributors for all these sales. The percentage of net proceeds is only calculated after the film has been exploited in the respective country. We therefore receive the money in the following year at the earliest. In 2014, "The Circle" will first be released in cinemas in Switzerland, Germany, Poland and the USA.
All in all: the big happy ending for the producer Contrast Film?
The big happy ending would be if we had full movie theaters in Switzerland starting this week.
It took eight years to make this movie. What was the lowest point?
There were several moments when we really hit rock bottom and thought: We're not going to get up now - despite all the rescue plans and creative ideas for alternative financing. It was really bad when we had to accept a rejection from the Federal Film Board for the second time. The BAK had supported us in developing the script at the beginning of the project. We were also awarded a substantial sum of 650,000 francs for the production of the film, when "Der Kreis" was still conceived as a pure feature film in co-production with Germany. But then the film funding in Germany didn't cooperate, which meant that the commitments in Switzerland also became invalid. So they "pulled the wool over our eyes", but then said twice in a row: "We don't believe in the film." We no longer understood the world, because in the beginning it had sounded completely different. Each time, we tried to put our arguments on the table again as to why this film still deserved the funding we had initially promised. But each time there were even more absurd reasons for rejection. At some point, there comes a point where you have to accept the no. But then we really hit rock bottom. Nevertheless, director Stefan Haupt, my business partner Urs Frey and I thought: this can't be allowed to happen. And so we came up with the idea of a fundraising marathon.
Werbewoche reported on it. The unconventional idea has generated a lot of money?
Fortunately, the campaign brought in a lot. Not the 650,000 francs that were lost, of course, but at least 285,000 - a huge sum, just by "door-to-door canvassing". Together with the support of SRF, the Zurich Film Foundation and other sponsors, this was enough to get the production off the ground with a minimum level of financing.
But even at this stage there was another setback. Zurich restaurateur Fred Tschanz wanted to organize a charity dinner for your film?
The "Gastro King of Zurich" surprisingly approached us in 2012. He explained that he was "not gay at all", but that he considered this film to be very valuable for Zurich. He wanted to get "a few important people" together for us for a fundraising dinner. Three weeks before the planned date, Fred Tschanz died unexpectedly. Of course, we didn't want to be irreverent and ask his grieving friends for money in this situation. That didn't work. We later organized such a dinner ourselves, but with mainly different contacts and a much smaller fundraising result.
How have the funding bodies reacted to your success in the meantime?
That would be nice to know. But we were very pleased that the Federal Office of Culture congratulated us in a personal letter when our film was included in the "Panorama" in Berlin, a very difficult section to crack at this festival.
But with Succès Cinéma there is now retroactive money?
For every Swiss film shown in the cinema, there is a credit note calculated according to the number of visitors. This money must be demonstrably invested in the next film. This is a subsidy based on success at the box office. However, we will not be able to redeem this credit until 2015 at the earliest.
But you can already say today: thanks to the "Circle", your Contrast Film has become an established production within a very short space of time. You are already shooting another feature film with a budget of over two million.
Yes, but that has nothing to do with the success of "The Circle". After the current episodic feature film "Heimatland", still financed without Succès funds, the long-awaited feature film "Stürm - bis ich tot bin oder frei", about the life of the nation's legendary burglar and escapee king, and the feature film "Waffenläufer", the adaptation of the dramatic story of the talented runner and serial offender Jonas Fischer, will follow. These are the films that are the furthest along in our production process and that we can almost certainly realize. Interestingly, they are all films based on true events. Other cinema documentaries and feature films are in development. But it's still too early to report on them. Our work has, however, settled into a rhythm with which we can hope that production will continue. But no film production is immune to potential flops. The movie business is crazy.
And the craziness continues: "The Circle" has just been chosen as the official Swiss entry for the Oscar.
Yes, "The Circle" is Switzerland's beacon of hope. Let's see what happens now.
What can you contribute to a possible success?
We are already in the process of developing a strategy with our American distributor. It is of course a great advantage that we are already in the market in the USA. We already have several festivals behind us in the Academy's catchment area. In San Francisco, "The Circle" was shown in an acclaimed screening in a sold-out movie theater in front of 1500 people, and in L.A. we won the Grand Jury Award. And experts say that we don't have a bad hand because the topic is relevant worldwide.
The nomination for the Oscar is coupled with 60,000 francs from various funding bodies in Switzerland. What can be achieved with such a marketing budget in Hollywood?
We have just hired a publicist in Los Angeles. His job will be to recruit Academy members as opinion leaders and voters. He will advertise with ads, posters and banners, but also organize special screenings and events in New York, Chicago and Los Angeles so that director Stefan Haupt and our film become better known. After all, the most important thing is to first reach the Academy members who are entitled to vote, then get them to watch the film and finally win them over.
How is such a publicist selected?
There are various PR professionals in Hollywood who specialize in Oscar campaigns. We have looked at which ones have won the most Oscars so far. But the best are of course also the most expensive. It is also important to know who is best connected in which Oscar category. Who can also get American celebrities who are interested in the gay and lesbian theme on board? Ideally, we would win over Hollywood stars as ambassadors.
You used to be an advertiser yourself, for example at what is now Havas and at Publicis Zurich. What are your ideas for the "circle" in Hollywood?
Our Oscar campaign will basically be structured like any successful advertising campaign, according to the age-old AIDA model: Attention, Interest, Desire, Action. The movie's message of love will serve as our creative guide. For the 360° campaign, we will use TV commercials, trailers, screenings, posters, web banners, mailings, events and Facebook campaigns in the various phases. And everything will be scheduled step by step for the various selection stages of the competition: At the moment, we are still in the running for "Best Foreign Language Film" against 77 films from all over the world. The top 15 will be determined by the beginning of January and the top 5 by the end of January, but that is still "very fantasy" for us.
Interview: Andreas Panzeri
To date, "Der Kreis" has been invited to 72 festivals worldwide. It has won prizes in Berlin, Turin and Setubal, Portugal, among others. In Berlin, Stefan Haupt and Ivan Madeo were also able to celebrate the big audience award (from left).