The future of advertising Part I What is the difference between superficial originality and a moving idea? Which ideas are yesterday's news, which have a future? Jean Etienne Aebi has written a book about this. Switzerland's most highly decorated CD in the last ADC round (with 3 gold and 7 silver cubes) offers no advertising anecdotes, but a lot of argumentation help for all those who invest their time or money in advertising. In two installments, Werbewoche prints excerpts from the chapter on the future of advertising, in which Aebi describes twelve trends. These days, eclecticism, the juxtaposition and coexistence of all styles is the order of the day, and the fact that dozens of commercials with animals appear one year and those with puppets the next is irrelevant. The fact that one year produces more thrills and the other more heart flutters is no guide for the future. The fact that there is a conspicuous amount of giggling in one commercial and farting in another is worth an ironic side note at best.
Whether it is staged more in a trash and grunge style or more cinematographically stylized - this discussion can be left to the specialists. Seasonal stocktaking with no relevance for future forecasts. The same applies to technical trends - special effects, computer graphics, Handycam or 35 millimeter - as well as to the industry topic of whether the Japanese are on the rise or the Scandinavians are back or whether it will remain the Brazilians after all. Tomorrow it will be different again. And it won't matter to you.
Anyone looking for more significant indications of the future of advertising procurement, i.e. those that go beyond the day-to-day, should look at more fundamental developments.
This includes the changes in advertising over several years. They only become apparent through intensive examination. Are there trends that are intensifying and give the impression of representing a long-term development? What is evident is that certain paradigm shifts that have been established or are in prospect do indeed determine advertising. And that it also implements findings from current communication research in a suitable form.
All of this results in a list of reasonably reliable indications. Some of the answers to the trend questions given by some of the industry's major players are consistent with this list, while others are not.
So what will we see more of in the future? There are twelve trends. Each time - in the absence of anything better or of examples from the future that do not yet exist - they are illustrated here with one or two recent examples that anticipate or at least hint at future concepts.
The new seriousnessEntertainment to the point of no return on the one hand, a crisis of meaning from top managers to the unemployed on the other: the society of failure and mishaps is looking for new orientation, content and values. Honesty and credibility are in demand. The
The old motto "More being instead of appearances" takes on a new meaning. Meaningful things are the order of the day.
The reader and viewer honors a little peace and quiet. Is ready for some reflection. No longer avoid it with a little content. This is also an opportunity for advertising, which stands in contrast to the rapid surface stimuli on all sides.
The English advertising film for The Independent newspaper, which takes aim at the life-restricting catechism of political and social correctness with all its "don'ts", anticipates this in exemplary fashion.
Don't think: a shot of a soldier, Don't cry: a baby, Don't be different: two gays, Don't walk: a traffic light, Don't be fat: a hamburger, Don't masturbate: a toilet door - and so on. A total of 43 such prohibitions in this impressive black and white film. Ending on a pile of newspapers (Don't buy) and finally on the fact that someone is reading The Independent and in addition: Don't read.
There are more and more examples of fast-food, fast-fun and even fast-com advertising being contrasted with something more thoughtful or a new slowness. For example, the advertising film for New York City Tourism, in which residents of Times Square answer the question of what should be done to bring tourists back to New York by saying that they would rather not have any. Which is obviously not the best solution.
Or the thought-provoking spot for the photo developer Fotoprix: the hip picture of a beautiful woman turns out to be a photograph of an anorexic holding it in front of her body, as does the hand resting on an old woman's shoulder, or the picture of a healthy rainforest that was actually just held between the camera and the dead forest. Perfect pictures for an imperfect world - this is the honestly profiling slogan.
The new emotionalitySlice-of-lives, which only correspond to the marketing director's idea of what life should be like for his target group but have nothing to do with real life, are ultimately ineffective. Artificial advertising chatter from models has become an unfortunate nuisance, real dialog from real people in real situations is of interest.
Real people, real life also have more impact in advertising. Which is why strategists are looking for consumer insights, as one of the new industry terms is called, and creatives are looking for authenticity in implementation. How do you find what really moves people and how do you address them?
The new forms are diverse, some of them based on basic instincts. Real passion, eroticism, sadness, anger. Alongside the spectacularly unspectacular. From quiet inner dialog to advertising that doesn't come across as such.
Always heart-to-heart, not just head-to-head communication.
The faces shown at the moment of orgasm for Coco de Mer Erotic Shops in England, for example, are grippingly authentic. The way a father accompanies his little girl to bed in our commercial for Swisscom Mobile, even though he is far away from home, is aptly true to life: Go far, come close. The ads for HypoVereinsbank in Germany are captivatingly simple.
Precisely because their photography does not depict people, but rather subtly suggests them in their natural surroundings, it is all the more moving. In addition, personal statements such as: I have a small business. If my customers don't pay their bills, I can't sleep. If I don't sleep, I can't dream about the future of my company. Can someone help me sleep better? - Nice for a bank to write: Live. We'll take care of the details.
The new closenessAs little knowledge as an advertising consultant may have of the housewife in the laundry room, the CEO has just as little knowledge of the homeboy on his skateboard. The examples of wrong ingratiation, wrong choice of language, wrong images are legion. The times for this are definitely over.
The new endeavor to communicate in a more target group-oriented way does not stop there
to bring the advertising world in general into better alignment with the real world. The segmentation criteria are changing. Demographic structures are of little help. Today's people behave as big spenders here and penny pinchers there, society is multicultural, marginalized groups are becoming the focus.
One-to-one individual cluster database marketing attempts to be purely technical and waits for the hybrid, transparent consumer. But it is mass media advertising that makes ethnic and interest groups both a specific audience and a topic that stimulates everyone.
Advertisements in Turkish in Germany. Street and Love Parade posters. Fetishist motifs. A gay couple advertises Maggi. A naked man for Lenor: The man washes himself. Grandmothers as protagonists for the internet provider Bluewin. The new age, the new youth. For kids, most of whom are doing their schoolwork and watching TV at the same time, MTV - a medium that only interrupts advertising with advertising, i.e. video clips for music groups - is the place to be.
pen - launched their own campaigns. Wasaslimline crispbread clips, for example.
It is also purposefully provocative how Camel addresses an unabatedly huge market: smokers, who are reacting increasingly aggressively to their ghettoization. Smokers who still like it when their paternalism is made fun of. With a warning field far larger than the obligatory health authority strip: This ad contains satisfied smoking, farm violence, animal nudity. For example, above a wild picture of a farmer chasing away his wife's lover, who is lying on the bed and smoking, while a chicken shows its butt outside.
Others - not just Muslims - are toasting with Mecca-Cola against US hegemonic policies and for an independent Palestine. Ne buvez plus idiot, buvez engagé! - is the slogan.
The new longingWhether things are going up or down economically or personally, both trigger dreams. They are the same yesterday as tomorrow - in a highly complex, problematized world, those for simple, profound experiences are likely to predominate today. A new, simple romance. True love without HIV and relationship gossip. Friendship without calculation and safety nets. Being on your own and being able to decide. Being allowed to fly away from everything. Spirituality and peace. A different world. In England, there is a party for the abolition of death.
Leveled advertising tries to exploit this state of mind by producing masses of images of unadulterated simple happiness, which cannibalize each other and lead to a zero-sum game without profiling. The more clever concepts make people's wishes the most beautiful. For example, a commercial for Strato's Candy Bar, in which a little boy who wants a brother or sister sets the table for dinner in a lavish manner, which surprises his parents and puts them in the mood for a reproductive game.
Other concepts take off, for example by condensing the dream of overcoming one's own limits into 30 seconds. The Levi's commercial with the young woman and the young man who are able to run through all the walls and experience complete liberation from all the shackles of earthboundness shows how it's done.
The new intelligenceToday's media consumer has seen it all and understood it all long ago. Tomorrow, at best, this will be even more the case. Good advertising is aimed at the heart and stomach and not the brain, which is why it is only half the truth. It doesn't have to be, but if it is, then people like to be challenged a little. As long as it is enjoyable. A little more esprit, a little more sophistication and a little more subtle tones would be good for advertising. In any case, there will always be enough stupid and crude ones.
A completely black double-page spread for a dandruff shampoo: the test that had the whole of Germany shaking their heads. This ad didn't overwhelm the public in 1992 any more than the one for Harley-Davidson does today: The Easy Rider dream image of a motorcyclist on a US highway was accompanied by the thought: Somewhere on an airplane a man is trying to rip open a small bag of peanuts. The gray cells of the readers switch gears just as they begin to tick when they are presented with the six radiator emblems of BMW, Rolls-Royce, Lexus, Jaguar, Mercedes and Bentley in an advertisement, accompanied by the question: This is an advertisement for the finest luxury sedan in America. So which logo belongs in the bottom right-hand corner? According to the car testers' choice, as you can see in the small text, it is that of Lexus.
The claim "Reduce to the max" for the Smart, ingeniously positioning the innovation of a new mini car class, was also correctly interpreted by everyone. "I'm not stupid after all", can only be confirmed by the Media Markt slogan.
Whether thinking will suddenly become a popular sport remains to be seen. A plea for intellectual advertising is not called for, but one for intelligent advertising is. Intelligent in the sense that it allows the recipient to do some of the work themselves. At the very least, it allows them to close a mental gap themselves.
However, a small warning is in order here. In the last 20 years, the resolution of the story in commercials has been shortened more and more. The gag, the punch line, the eureka moment about the product and its benefits usually only comes at the very end, and briefly at that. The younger the clip-sensitized viewer is, the less problematic this is. For others, the limits of their perceptual capacity have often been exceeded. Even highly appealing ideas leave viewers perplexed instead of triggering a pleasurable acknowledgement.
A campaign for Interflora is hard on this boundary, making the risks palpable, but just barely mastered and therefore effective. Nowhere is there even a bouquet of flowers shown or a direct invitation to buy one. Instead, there are scenes of minimal changes in human behavior. For example, a young chauvinist, i.e. a normal man, lying on the sofa in front of the TV, i.e. football. He sips from his beer glass, knowing that he is
now he should probably just get off his butt and go to the kitchen. A brief moment of astonishment only to see that his girlfriend or wife is already standing there with a new, full glass and hands it to him without comment. Slogan: The Power of Flower.
The new witAfter reading the Washington Post or the Frankfurter Rundschau and before the start of the Jay Leno or Harald Schmidt show, our contemporaries are not only capable of a small, stimulated mental performance. He is also capable of irony and satire.
What was funny yesterday is not necessarily funny tomorrow. The big roar in honor, it will always celebrate its primeval days. But the trend is moving more in the direction of clever jokes, at the expense of crude slapstick.
Which is why advertising ideas that might have been too subtle yesterday score points today.
The sporty and fast-looking Toyota Celica parked on the side of the road, which the neighbor's dog runs right into (probably thinking he has to run after it). Almost looks like the claim. Or the guy with the half-red head on the full bus who gets a slap in the face, even though it wasn't him who grabbed the young woman's attractive bottom. Beware of the Sun: advertising for Banana Boat Sunblock.
It is good for advertising and its audience that many more such amazing concepts can be expected. Just as the series for the small VW Lupo is one. One parks it far too far from the curb and over-cautiously despite the huge parking space. Another stops in front of the sufficiently wide bridge before hesitantly driving over it. And so on. (Obviously Lupo drivers feel like they're in a much more spacious car.) Title: It feels bigger than it is. VW-
Label and: The Lupo.
Ultimately, advertising wants to sell something or at least make it appealing. Of course, it can also do this by not making things up in the usual fanciful way, but instead by astounding with unusual truths. A different and disarming kind of clever humor is the new honesty.
It is actually astonishing that it has only recently been discovered. What used to be prematurely tabooed as a negative approach will be an amusing, high-profile playing field in the future. The clearer, the better. Just as the Hans Brinker Budget Hotel in Amsterdam shows how, at check-in, young people look extremely worn out at check-out after a night in this comfortless budget hotel. Just like chocolate makes you fat, which is demonstrated in the Godiva ad in the most beautiful exaggeration: "Before" a very pretty bottom, "After" a hideously fat one. A cigarette brand advertises with lung cancer x-rays and is called Death.
Another funny form of honesty is when three heavy hip-hop guys in an old convertible don't admit that they like listening to jazz. Which is why they immediately switch to rap on the radio as soon as there's a pedestrian on the side of the road - and only then switch back to Keith Jarrett. Title: It's that time of the year. Sender: San Francisco Jazz Festival.
The new seriousnessReality has no place in correctness pigeonholes - the English daily newspaper The Independent mocks this in its advertisement ("Don't read").
The new emotionalityAn example of successful heart-to-heart communication are advertisements from HypoVereinsbank
The new proximityCamel takes aim at the impending ghettoization of smokers with a warning of a completely different kind.
The new longingThe US clothing label succeeds in overcoming boundaries (with Levi's jeans) in a 30-second spot: cleverly aroused longings, skillfully filmed.
The new intelligenceSay it with flowers without showing them - the Interflora spot is a bold invitation to the viewer's imagination to find the link to the product on their own.
The new humorHonest advertising can also be humorous - like that of a budget hotel in Amsterdam,
that shows its customers checking in and out:
What happens in between
is, every viewer may
color it yourself.
Knowing how and whyThis text is taken from the 436-page book "Einfall oder Abfall - Was Werbung warum erfolgreicher macht", which will be published in early October by Verlag Hermann Schmidt Mainz, ISB number 3-87439-638-X, Fr. 79.80. The Swiss presentation of the book will take place on
October 1 from 6 p.m. in the new Kunsthaus Zurich lecture hall. (ww)
Jean Etienne Aebi