New Media Microsoft is working on a new basis - including for the future preparation of Internet content. In the future, web content will probably no longer be produced in the traditional way using a sophisticated HTML editor. After technologies such as CSS and XML, ASP and Ajax etc., a major technological change is now emerging. Successor systems for publishing content that can be visualized in a browser or in stand-alone applications function completely or partially independently of the operating system and/or make better use of its resources. These systems, some of which are already under development, also take into account the increasing merging of the Internet with the desktop.a new basisOne provider of new solutions that takes account of these developments and the needs of end users for more richly presented information and more user-friendly operation is Microsoft. In its approach to the improved and interactive design of user interfaces, the software giant is relying on an existing technology called "Windows Presentation Foundation" (WPF), which in turn is a component of the .NET Framework 3.0. The technology, which is already integrated in Windows Vista and can be downloaded free of charge for Windows XP, makes it possible to design appealing user elements for desktop applications. With its .NET approach (pronounced: Dot Net), which pursues simplified programming of user interfaces, the company had already created a basis in the past that combines various operating system functions and makes them available to programmers for creating applications in a central location. A Microsoft tool is not necessarily required to program the .NET code. There are development suites from third-party providers and even an ongoing project to create a .NET framework for the Macintosh environment.
With the Windows Presentation Foundation as the basis, the company presented a new subset at the end of last year under the name WPF/E - the E stands for "Everywhere" - which was announced for mid-2007 and which also opens up these rich design and programming options for web applications and makes them accessible to the end user after the installation of a corresponding plug-in - available for the Firefox, Safari, Explorer 6 and 7 browsers. WPF and WPF/E or "Silverlight", as the technology is now officially known since its official presentation at the NAB (National Association of Broadcasters; the world's largest electronic media event; www.nabshow.com) on April 15, 2007, is based on XAML, another pioneering development from the Redmond-based company. XAML, a descriptive and therefore descriptive marking and programming language, combines the extended marking language XML with the hypertext language HTML and works harmoniously with the well-known web standards XHTML, CSS, XML, ASP and Ajax. It offers both designers and developers a standardized basis for the joint design of user interfaces. With XAML, animations, design elements and program parts can be described in the same way and developed more easily. The result is greater creative freedom for the web designer on the one hand and a solid basis for the programmer to develop the associated logic on the other.
The Silverlight platform is also particularly suitable for the integration of video content and animations on websites and is therefore also an alternative to Adobe's Flash technology.
Separation of programming and visualizationWPF or Silverlight and XAML and the associated separation of "presentation" (visualization) or user guidance on the one hand and programming or data on the other make it very easy to combine data layers with different presentation layers, which is another strength of the overall concept. In such a development environment, for example, data sources from a measuring station can be evaluated and displayed graphically - based on the same data, a different, perhaps more generally understandable evaluation can be made for another target group by simply linking to another presentation layer, which contains fewer parameters and is presented graphically in a completely different way (see illustrations on page 22). Martin Oser, Business Development Manager at Microsoft in Wallisellen, uses the example of the New York Times to explain how an application downloaded to a laptop automatically adjusts the text and images of news articles to the size of the screen. Or, depending on the default settings, only the most read news items appear, for example. All this works dynamically in an application, but thanks to Silverlight it could now also be realized in a browser.
New toolsDeveloper tools for working with these technologies already exist or will be available in the foreseeable future. The tools from Microsoft are grouped under the name Expression Studio. "The aim of this software suite, which consists of several programs," explains Oser, "is to provide end users with solutions that are both more intuitive to use and have a clearer and richer design." Animations, video content and vector graphics can be integrated or created with the corresponding tools of this new overall solution. Furthermore, Expression Studio allows significantly more data formats to be integrated than was previously possible. The visualization of content and graphic elements should also become more flexible.
Specifically, the single application Expression Blend enables the creation of user-friendly, XAML-based interfaces and programs. While Expression Blend masters the development of user interfaces, Expression Web, which will also replace Microsoft Frontpage, functions as a graphical WYSIWYG web editor. With Expression Design, high-quality, vector-based graphics can be created and exported as XAML code. Finally, Expression Media, formerly known as the iView Media application running on Windows and Mac OS systems, is the matching asset management solution. This application also allows video content to be optimized and automatically prepared for live streaming, for example. Together with the technologies mentioned above, this will enable much richer, more dynamic and interactive solutions on the web in the future.
"With Expression Studio, Microsoft has the tools alongside Silverlight and XAML technologies to meet the requirements for increasingly complex effects and content processing," summarizes Oser. The products Expression Web and Expression Media are already available, Expression Blend and Expression Design have been announced for mid-2007 and are currently available as beta versions for testing at www.microsoft.com/expression. With the Expression Studio program collection, Microsoft is providing web developers and web designers not only with better tools, but also with trend-setting technologies such as XAML and Silverlight, which enable better user guidance and improved handling of content.
GlossaryAjax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XHTML): Technology particularly suitable for the development of dynamic websites.
ASP (Active Server Pages): Scripting language developed by Microsoft which, in conjunction with its Internet Information Services (IIS), also enables the creation of dynamic websites.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): Similar to style sheets in DTP, but more advanced, CSS can be used to centrally change the appearance of content. A correspondingly structured XML or HTML file is required.
XML (eXtensible Markup Language) - a subset of the SGML markup language - is one of the most important Internet languages. XML is also the basis for many other markup languages such as RSS or XHTML. (jf)
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