Journalists in handcuffs, tear gas against demonstrators and a "Boss of the Bosporus", alias President Erdogan, talking himself into a rage. All accompanied by the sounds of Nena's super hit "Irgendwie, irgendwo, irgendwann" and lines like: "A journalist who writes anything that Erdogan doesn't like will be in jail tomorrow." What is considered normal satire in Germany can sometimes be considered lèse majesté in Turkey. The Turkish government did not find the two-minute video clip about Erdogan, which was broadcast on the NDR program "Extra 3" on 17 March, funny at all and summoned the German ambassador Martin Erdmann. According to information from Turkish diplomatic circles, the Turks even demanded that further distribution of the film be stopped.
Criticism of international interference
In Germany, such a demand may seem "ridiculous", as the German Journalists' Association (DJV) put it on Tuesday. In Turkey, however, interventions against the media and lawsuits against journalists are on the rise. The NDR satirical film features the well-known Turkish journalist Ahmet Sik, who was arrested in 2011 for alleged membership of the secret society "Ergenekon" and spent a year in pre-trial detention. Can Dündar - editor-in-chief of the government-critical Cumhuriyet - is in a similar situation today. He and the capital's bureau chief Erdem Gül are facing life imprisonment on charges including "espionage" and supporting a terrorist organization. The trial began last Friday. Several diplomats, including the German ambassador Erdmann, appeared at the start.
Erdogan reacted angrily
"Who are you? What are you doing there? This is not your country, this is Turkey," he said in a speech on Saturday. Berlin refers to freedom of the press and freedom of expression Before the start of the trial, Dündar told the news agency dpa: "Turkey has never been a paradise for journalists. But to be honest, we haven't even experienced such intense pressure during military coups." Opposition newspapers such as Zaman were placed under state supervision and then brought into line with the government, and the broadcasting of the independent broadcaster IMC TV was severely restricted. Foreign journalists are now also feeling the pressure: the news magazine Der Spiegel withdrew its Turkey correspondent Hasnain Kazim in mid-March because he was denied accreditation. And what does the German government have to say about this? Ambassador Erdmann gave the Turkish government a rebuff. Political satire in Germany is covered by freedom of the press and freedom of opinion, he explained to his interlocutors in the Turkish Foreign Ministry. There was therefore "neither the need nor the opportunity" to intervene.
Balancing act
The German government has been walking a risky tightrope with its Turkey policy for weeks. Chancellor Angela Merkel's concept for solving the refugee crisis cannot be realized without Turkey. At the same time, Berlin has to watch as the Turkish government rigorously restricts freedom of the press and freedom of opinion. Chancellor Merkel and Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier have repeatedly addressed the issue in recent weeks. "We need to discuss the interpretation and understanding of civil liberties with Turkey," Steinmeier said before the agreement with Turkey on the refugee deal. However, the two sides' understanding of rights seems to be drifting further apart. The editors of "Extra 3" were not intimidated. After the ambassador was summoned, a photo of Erdogan was posted on their Twitter page with the caption: "Employee of the month".
Journalists in Turkey can hardly afford so much freedom with impunity. Last year, two illustrators from the satirical magazine Penguen were fined for insulting Erdogan. They are by no means the only ones against whom such accusations have been made. According to the Ministry of Justice, more than 1,800 proceedings have been opened for insulting the president since Erdogan's election as president in August 2014. (SDA/DPA)