Advertising with university consecration
Advertising research is now also established academically. A symposium in Bern showed just how much so.
Advertising research is now also established academically. A symposium in Bern showed just how much so.
What is it when the world's largest company poster floats in the air in front of the north face of the Eiger or when branded products are shown in the best studio light in a Swiss TV soap? "Advertising", says the layman. "Public relations" and "product placement", say industry specialists. And media scholars speak of a "hybridization of communication offerings" and "multidimensional persuasion processes", by means of which further attempts are made to bring even more messages to the information-overloaded people.Even more remarkable than this elaborate choice of words - which sometimes turns out to be simpler - is the fact that academic researchers and lecturers deal with advertising as part of business communication at all. Matthias Steinmann, CEO of the Telecontrol Group and Co-Director of the Institute for Media Studies at the University of Bern, knows that for a long time there was a "strong fear of contact" between those working in the humanities and those working in communications. The fact that these reservations have now given way to a lively curiosity was made clear at a conference of the Swiss Society for Communication and Media Studies (see box) in Bern.
The separation of commercial and editorial content was once one of the iron laws of the media. However, advertisers are finding it increasingly difficult to attract attention in the rising tide of textual, acoustic and visual stimuli. Especially as the reader can simply turn the page and the TV viewer can zap away. The result is also the counter-strategy: an increasing integration of advertising into editorial content. Or as Zurich journalism professor Gabriele Siegert puts it: "Advertising is coming into the program."
Initial research results When the previously insurmountable wall is breached by clients or agencies, media scientists have to deal with the resulting problems and questions. The University of Zurich, for example, is investigating how advertising professionals view the various new "special forms of advertising". The initial results are quite astonishing: Newer forms of advertising such as sponsorship, gameshows or tele-shopping are seen by producers as having only a limited future. Some are even more direct in their judgment: "Any such mixing is ultimately counterproductive and also simply dishonest," according to one of the advertisers' statements.
In addition to qualitative results, communication science also provides quantitative results - in some cases with opposing trends. For example, two Zurich journalism students examined product placement in the formats "Fascht e Familie" and "Lüthi und Blanc". They not only diagnosed eight different types of placement - from "corporate" to "image" to "music placement" - but also a tripling of this form of advertising compared to (earlier) sitcoms and (later) soap operas.
Sometimes media science is also social research: Noëmi Ranft from the University of Bern examined intertextual references in advertising. One of the examples she analyzed is the Swiss Mobiliar insurance campaign with damage sketches in the form of children's drawings. Ranft interprets this reference to a form of representation that we are all familiar with as an attempt to position insurance in general and Mobiliar in particular as something likeable and simple.
Such tactics are referred to in the definition-happy science as "lubricants for advertising messages".
But which forms of advertising will dominate in the future? And who will be responsible for future innovations: the advertisers or the advertising media? Looking back is still easier for media scientists than forecasting trends.
Matthias Steinmann, Co-Director of the Institute for Media Studies; Professor of Journalism Gabriele Siegert.
What is it when the world's largest company poster floats in the air in front of the north face of the Eiger or when branded products are shown in the best studio light in a Swiss TV soap? "Advertising", says the layman. "Public relations" and "product placement", say industry specialists. And media scholars speak of a "hybridization of communication offerings" and "multidimensional persuasion processes", by means of which further attempts are made to bring even more messages to the information-overloaded people.Even more remarkable than this elaborate choice of words - which sometimes turns out to be simpler - is the fact that academic researchers and lecturers deal with advertising as part of business communication at all. Matthias Steinmann, CEO of the Telecontrol Group and Co-Director of the Institute for Media Studies at the University of Bern, knows that for a long time there was a "strong fear of contact" between those working in the humanities and those working in communications. The fact that these reservations have now given way to a lively curiosity was made clear at a conference of the Swiss Society for Communication and Media Studies (see box) in Bern.
The separation of commercial and editorial content was once one of the iron laws of the media. However, advertisers are finding it increasingly difficult to attract attention in the rising tide of textual, acoustic and visual stimuli. Especially as the reader can simply turn the page and the TV viewer can zap away. The result is also the counter-strategy: an increasing integration of advertising into editorial content. Or as Zurich journalism professor Gabriele Siegert puts it: "Advertising is coming into the program."
Initial research results When the previously insurmountable wall is breached by clients or agencies, media scientists have to deal with the resulting problems and questions. The University of Zurich, for example, is investigating how advertising professionals view the various new "special forms of advertising". The initial results are quite astonishing: Newer forms of advertising such as sponsorship, gameshows or tele-shopping are seen by producers as having only a limited future. Some are even more direct in their judgment: "Any such mixing is ultimately counterproductive and also simply dishonest," according to one of the advertisers' statements.
In addition to qualitative results, communication science also provides quantitative results - in some cases with opposing trends. For example, two Zurich journalism students examined product placement in the formats "Fascht e Familie" and "Lüthi und Blanc". They not only diagnosed eight different types of placement - from "corporate" to "image" to "music placement" - but also a tripling of this form of advertising compared to (earlier) sitcoms and (later) soap operas.
Sometimes media science is also social research: Noëmi Ranft from the University of Bern examined intertextual references in advertising. One of the examples she analyzed is the Swiss Mobiliar insurance campaign with damage sketches in the form of children's drawings. Ranft interprets this reference to a form of representation that we are all familiar with as an attempt to position insurance in general and Mobiliar in particular as something likeable and simple.
Such tactics are referred to in the definition-happy science as "lubricants for advertising messages".
But which forms of advertising will dominate in the future? And who will be responsible for future innovations: the advertisers or the advertising media? Looking back is still easier for media scientists than forecasting trends.
Matthias Steinmann, Co-Director of the Institute for Media Studies; Professor of Journalism Gabriele Siegert.
Patrick Steinemann
